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The general aspect of the filename is:
xxyymmdd.hhnnss.fits where
yy are the last two digits of the year, mm is the month, dd is the day, hh the hour, nn the minutes and ss the seconds.
Data are in FITS format.
| xx value is: | mh for H alpha images (chromosphere) |
| mk for Ca II K1 images (wing of the line, photosphere) | |
| mK for Ca II K3 images (center of line, chromosphere) | |
| mp for Ca II K3 prominences |
Two time periods must be considered for spectroheliograms:
- Before the 13th of Mai, 2002: Observations are made with photographic plates, then scanned to be digitalized (hereafter period 1)
- Beginning from the 13th of Mai, 2002: Observations are obtained from a CCD camera (hereafter period 2)
Flat field will be available later to improve the images.
H alpha spectroheliograms
Wavelength of observation: 6562.8 Angstroems.
Example of filename: mh020530.071524.fits (FITS format)
| Period 1 | Period 2 | |
| Header | 5760 bytes | 2880 bytes |
| Image size | 928x942 | 1500x1340 |
| Number of images per file | 1 | 5 |
| Encoding | 16 bits, 12 bits used | 16 bits, 14 bits used |
These data are also available with a coordinate grid surimposed.
Ca II K1 spectroheliogramsWavelength of observation: 3933.2 Angstroems.
Example of filename: mk020530.071524.fits (FITS format)
| Period 1 | Period 2 | |
| Header | 5760 bytes | 2880 bytes |
| Image size | 906x917 | 1500x1340 |
| Number of images per file | 1 | 1 |
| Encoding | 16 bits, 12 bits used | 16 bits, 14 bits used |
These data are also available with a coordinate grid surimposed.
Ca II K3v spectroheliogramsWavelength of observation: 3933.7 Angstroems.
Example of filename: mK020530.071524.fits (FITS format)
| Period 1 | Period 2 | |
| Header | 5760 bytes | 2880 bytes |
| Image size | 928x942 | 1500x1340 |
| Number of images per file | 1 | 5 |
| Encoding | 16 bits, 12 bits used | 16 bits, 14 bits used |
These data are also available with a coordinate grid surimposed.
Ca II K3p prominences spectroheliogramsWavelength of observation: 3933.7 Angstroems.
Example of filename: mp020530.071524.fits (FITS format)
| Period 1 | Period 2 | |
| Header | 5760 bytes | 2880 bytes |
| Image size | 976x1002 | 1500x1340 |
| Number of images per file | 1 | 1 |
| Encoding | 16 bits, 12 bits used | 16 bits, 14 bits used |
The Meudon heliograph allows the observation of the full sun at different wavelengths in the H alpha line. The Lyot filter has a passband of 0.5 A. Currently, we make 3 images every minute: H alpha centre, H alpha + 0.5 A and H alpha -0.5 A. It is also possible to have H alpha + 1.0 A and H alpha - 1.0 A under request. The detector is a 1536 x 1024 CCD array and data are registered in FITS format (12 bits, values in the range 0 to 4095). The pixel size is 1.95 arc sec. FITS data are written on CD ROM and are not available in the data base. We just offer in BASS2000 quick look MPEG and QuickTime movies in a reduced format (4 arc sec/pixel), in H alpha centre and wings, and with a time resolution of 2 mn. We provide also light curves in POSTSCRIPT and GIF format to identify flare times.
Requests for FITS original data must be sent to J.-M. Malherbe.
The filenames are in the form:
haYYMMDD.mpg, h+YYMMDD.mpg for MPEG files and haYYMMDD.mov for QuickTime files (MOVIES), haYYMMDD.ps for POSTSCRIPT files and haYYMMDD.gif for GIF files (LIGHT CURVES in units of CCD counts, maximum 4095).
The field YYMMDD is the date of observation, where YY is the year, MM is the month and DD is the number of the day.
Filter bandwidth
Frequencies of observations: 164 MHz and 327 MHz
Example of filename at 164 MHz: na020530.071524.fits (FITS format)
Example of filename at 327 MHz: nb020530.071524.fits (FITS format)
File format is the same for both frequencies:
| Header | 5760 bytes |
| Image size | 256x256 |
| Number of images per file | 1 |
| Encoding | 32 bits (floating point numbers) |
Nançay radioheliograph data are also available in the following formats:
- movies ( MPEG format)
- radio global flux
- radio N/S-E/W plots
- integrated data: Time resolution of integrated files is 32 seconds before 19 april 1999 and 10 seconds after.
- quicklook data: Time resolution of quicklook files is 128 seconds before 19 april 1999 and 120 seconds after.
Frequencies of observations: from 20 to 75 MHz
Kind of data: Dynamic spectra (frequency as a function of time)
Full data (available with authorization)- Filename: syymmdd.RT1 where yy, mm and dd are respectively the year, month and day
- Data format:
A 405 bytes header followed by n blocks of 405 bytes in the following order: header, left polarization, right polarization, left polarization, ...
Header format for data beginning the 24th of February, 1994:
| byte 1 | Nothing |
| bytes 2-3 | Minimum frequency, in MHz (2 bytes) |
| bytes 4-5 | Maximum frequency, in MHz (2 bytes) |
| bytes 6-8 | Spectral resolution, in kHz (3 bytes) |
| bytes 9-11 | Reference intensity, in dBm (3 bytes) |
| bytes 12-16 | Spectral scanning velocity, in ms (5 bytes) |
| bytes 17-18 | Dynamic scale of analyzer, in dB/division (2 bytes) |
| bytes 19-22 | Hour, minutes of the passage of the Sun at the meridian (4 bytes: hhmm) |
| bytes 23-405 | Nothing (383 bytes) |
Header format for data before the 24th of February, 1994:
| byte 1 | Nothing |
| bytes 2-3 | Minimum frequency, in MHz (2 bytes) |
| bytes 4-5 | Maximum frequency, in MHz (2 bytes) |
| bytes 6-8 | Spectral resolution, in kHz (3 bytes) |
| bytes 9-11 | Reference intensity, in dBm (3 bytes) |
| bytes 12-14 | Spectral scanning velocity, in ms (3 bytes) |
| bytes 15-16 | Dynamic scale of analyzer, in dB/division (2 bytes) |
| bytes 17-20 | Hour, minutes of the passage of the Sun at the meridian (4 bytes: hhmm) |
| bytes 21-405 | Nothing (385 bytes) |
Format of each data block:
| bytes 1-4 | Beginning hour of the spectrum (hour, minute, second, hundredth of second: hhmmsscc) |
| bytes 5-404 | Raw intensities with 400 frequencies linearly placed in points between Fmin and F max (log scale, 1 point = 0.3125 dB) |
| byte 405 | Pointing state |
Caution: Scanning velocities indicate 350 ms, but control delays effect is that a spectrum is recorded every 494 ms.
Preview dataThese data are integrated over 10 s, summing the two polarizations. They are free of access, in GIF format.
Observing wavelength: 6562.7 Angstroems
Example of filename: pr020530.071524.fits (FITS format)
| Header | 2880 bytes |
| Image size | 1024x1024 |
| Number of images per file | 1 |
| Encoding | 16 bits, all used |
The synoptic maps of the solar activity are in postcript format. These maps indicate when solar structures appear and disappear during a solar rotation. Absciss is time and ordinate is solar latitude. Solar structures are shown on these maps at their actual latitude during all their lifetime.
Two kinds of synoptic maps are proposed:
- One for prominences
- One for filaments
- One for active centers
The informations used for creating synoptic maps are available in the database when you look for synoptic data.
FITS:
This file format consists in a header, containing useful informations concerning the observation, and data. This informations appear as keywords associated with values. In some cases, there could be a secondary header. Each information line of a header is 80 characters long. And each header is a multiple of 2880 characters (ie bytes). Following are data (ie image or images), consisting in one or several arrays of NxP elements, in 8, 16 or 32 bits formats, depends on what is indicated in the header.
The following keywords give useful informations in order to be able to read data:
- EXTEND: if it has the value 'T' (for 'True'), it means that a secondary header exists, which contains informations on data
- NAXIS: Gives the number of dimensions of data array. If it's 0, it means that no data follow (so data must be after the secondary header). If its value is 2, on image follows. If its value is 3, it means that several images follow.
- NAXIS1: gives the first dimension of the image
- NAXIS2: gives the second dimension of the image
- NAXIS3: if it exists, gives the number of images that follow
- BITPIX: Gives the number of bits on which data are encoded: 8 means 1 byte per value, 16 means 2 bytes (ie integer value), 32 or -32 means 4 bytes (ie floating point value).
Click here to see an example of a FITS header.
Extension of FITS files is '.fits' or '.fts'.
GIF:These files can be read by most graphic softwares. Data are 8 bits encoded without loosing informations (except if original data are encoded with more than 8 bits, of course).
Extension of GIF files is '.gif'.
PNG:These files can be read by most graphic softwares. Data are 16 bits encoded, without loosing informations (except if original data are encoded with more than 16 bits, of course).
Extension of PNG files is '.PNG'.
JPEG:These files can also be read by most graphic softwares. Data are 8 bits encoded if they are black and white, and 32 bits encoded for color. JPEG images are compressed, with a loose of informations. But the size of the file is much smaller.
Extension of JPEG files is '.jpeg' or '.jpg'.
Postcript is a vectorial image encoding, so the image can be reduced or raised without lack of informations. This format is specifically usefull for printing. Most laser printers can use postcript format, but generally not ink printers. You can preview postcript files on screen using some specific softwares, such as GHOSTVIEW with UNIX, MacGhostView with Macintosh, XXX with LINUX, or XXX with Windows.
Extension of postcript files is '.ps'.
Compressed files:Some filenames have a '.z' extension. It means that they are compressed so as to reduce their size. The compression scheme used is "zip" compression (they are "zipped files") . To uncompress these files, you must use gunzip with UNIX, 'UnZip' or 'StuffIt Expander' softwares with Macintosh, XXX with LINUX, or XXX with Windows.
